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I wanted to add a follow-up to @KMC 's comment, where he beat me to pointing out the straw-man.
Sex differences do confer tremendous advantages for the median male over the median female in sports. For example, one well-cited study suggested: "The results of female national elite athletes even indicate that the strength level attainable by extremely high training will rarely surpass the 50th percentile of untrained or not specifically trained men".
The difference in athletic distribution between males and females is so great that not only is the combined distribution bimodal, it's qualitatively different. Given tail effects and a roughly bell-curve distribution, this competitive advantage is only exacerbated at the tails.
It's basically a dog-bites-man story nowadays each time some regional-level mid-teens boys team defeats a professional, even-Olympic-level, women's team. Hockey and football/soccer have provided a regular reminder.
Aside from mandatory PE classes, throughout my teenage years I rarely played any sports with girls due to the gulf in athleticism between teenage boys and girls. The limited times that I did was generally because a local girl's team was competitive on the national-level, and thus invited a given team of mine for a friendly to help them prep in giving them better competition than a local girl's team could.
We'd be instructed by our coaches and asked by the girls to play normally, but it was tough. We would basically treat the girls as fine china, playing tentatively and being extra careful not to hurt them. Chivalry runs deep. It felt weird playing in a friendly against opponents who were, on average, so much smaller, slower, and weaker than us. They even seemed to have slower reaction times, like they were running on constant lag. Maneuvering or dribbling around the girls wasn't all that more difficult than doing so around traffic cones.
It would quickly devolve to us going 1 on N_sport against them on offense ("your turn" then "my turn" to solo and shoot), and 0-2 on N_sport on defense (we'd lazily jog or walk back), where N_sport is the number of players typically on the court/pitch/field/or whatever, depending on sport. Our coaches would typically reduce the numbers of players on our side until the play became more balanced. It'd generally have to get under 0.5*N_sport until things got more interesting.
Fair point, that was a straw-man. My uncharitable interpretation was perhaps motivated by my own personal experience of being in the >95th percentile of teenage boys and not being able to match my overweight, untrained male classmates despite going to the gym 3x a week and trying to average around 3k calories a day. I didn't feel like my male puberty had given me much competitive advantage when I would get beaten in arm wrestling by random female classmates or the teacher assigned me to play football with the girls in PE, so while I agree that the male/female athleticism distribution is bimodal, overlaps do exist.
You were an exceptionally small/weak male that drew the short straw in the genetic lottery.
I wonder what would happen if you got a freaking animal of a woman in here…6’2”, 200 pounds, national champion swimmer who could bench 225. I’m guessing this animal would be more likely to shrug and say that she wasn’t that much weaker than the guys…
She would compare herself against freaking animals of a man that she saw at the national swimming championship. Yes, Katie Ledecky is a swimming monster, but she know that past 400m the differences between her and equally qualified male swimmers start to look insurmountable even to untrained eyes.
Yeah. I don’t know if she’d compare herself to Joe Average, though…our puny hero from before compared himself to both Joe and Jane Average. The fact that most men are far stronger than most women didn’t sink in quite as much for this guy, due to his not personally experiencing that. The puny guy didn’t compare himself to exceptionally small/weak/scrawny women…
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Are we using the same sign for the quantile direction? There's virtually no overlap of the top 5% of male athletes and female athletes.
Seems like you were also adversely selected for arm wrestling. Like weight makes a huge difference when comparing with male classmates, not just because being bigger makes it easier to carry more fat free mass. Fat leverages make a big difference in strength sports. I would also assume female classmates willing to arm wrestle are not random? Like they were probably in the top quartile of self assessed strength and that's why they would participate in such a challenge. I can't think of any instance where I've seen a petite woman seriously challenge a man to arm wrestling in person.
I sort always had the implicit assumption that much of the culture war aspect of the issue comes down to the elite levels. It's not clear to me that the local D level rec-league shouldn't just be an open league. For individual sports no one cares if you win the novice, 35-40 yr old, 65-70 kg, nearsighted division of your local park run. Like if it matters to someone, anyone can find a "competition" where they hand our participation trophies.
I didn't mean overlap in the athletes (unless you're comparing modern-day female athletes to early 20th century male ones) but the general athletic level of the population. As for the arm wrestling, I was beaten by a highly athletic female classmate, and then it was a challenge against one that wasn't particularly athletic as far as I know, not petite but fairly average build, perhaps top third to top 50%. There's a possibility I have mild endocrine issues, I have signs of low prenatal androgen exposure (and paradoxically high T levels despite low masculinisation, suggesting some compensation for lowered androgen sensitivity).
Which is another reason that I'm favouring the hypothesis that endocrine disruption is responsible for the surge in transgender identification, and that the focus should be on that rather than nebulous concepts of gender identity, along with waging the culture war over what should be purely a medical issue.
Most of the attention is on elite levels sure, but the laws in Kansas block transgender girls from playing in public school and college sports, which as far as I know aren't elite. The culture war debate extends to the trans girl that wants to play on her high school soccer team as well as the top echelons of women's sports, although in both cases the number of trans athletes is still extremely low.
I was thinking of slide 33 of the presentation of the USAPL report I had referenced down thread. That sample is best raw total for elite powerlifters 2011-2018. People often cite the grip strength study in untrained people, but I would have thought it was less applicable to trained individuals participating in sport. I think the quantile cuts are similar though. For virtually any otherwise equal selection, the strongest woman is about as strong as the average man.
Your situation makes a lot more sense now that you've explained a bit more. I do think that prenatal androgen exposure is a more important factor in athletic performance than most people realize. At least on par with puberty effects and free testosterone. It seems to dominate neuromuscular efficiency effects in animal models. That neuromuscular efficiency is what really separates elite athletes from mere mortals. It also effects androgen sensitivity which in turn effects how well people respond to training.
I do consider college sports to be elite. Even a D III player is on a totally different level than an average person.
I was imprecise by the implication that highschool level didn't matter. It sort of depends on what the purpose of scholastic sports is, but doesn't fit into the same bucket as elite levels to me. In the US most highschoolers that are eilite enough to get to the colleget level play club as their most competitive team. I guess that belongs to the same category as college? For the sports sponsored by the school, I'm sympathetic to the notion that trans girl want to play. On the other hand there are plenty of regular cis-boys that aren't good enough to even play on the JV team. Are school sports supposed to be accessible to literally everyone? I don't think they are at most high schools. I say this as someone who's best chance at a varsity letter would have been convincing my school to add a scholastic bowl team. I also don't think the institutionalization of sports for youth has been a positive development. The neighborhood sand lot games seem better to me at accommodating a variety of skill and strength levels.
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Yeah. I think there’s something to the idea that atrazine is making the frogs gay…and the humans queer. And trans.
Lots of confounders: but are trans people more likely to have grown up near like farms using lots of pesticides or plastic bottle factories or something?
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One thing that's really striking to me about this is how the advantage grows when it's multi-dimensional sports like football, basketball, hockey, soccer, and so on. When there is just one dimension to focus on, the best women are very good, with elite female runners coming up only ~12% short of what men accomplish at pretty much every distance from sprinting to marathoning. Suffice it to say, the result is that very few men are even close to the best women. In stark contrast, those multi-dimensional sports demand strength, speed, size, reaction times, hand-eye coordination, change of direction, and so on, making each dimension one where the best women won't be close to the men and even the women that are best at one thing are greatly inferior to male peers along others.
From a personal experience standpoint, I'm a smallish guy that grew up focusing on basketball (bad choice, whatever), then adopted endurance sports in my mid-20s. I'm a better runner than I was a basketball player due to my size and this makes me just barely good enough to beat most local women in a 10K, but still slower than D1 athletes. In contrast, when I'd play basketball, the physical gap is enormous, just absolutely ridiculous that it takes an incredibly skilled woman to even make it close. Even as a slender guy, the strength, coordination, aggression, and leaping are just so large of advantages.
I don't suppose I have a specific point other than that men and women are obviously very different and that I think people that deny this are basically just lying through their teeth or have absolutely no experience with physicality.
Crazy that I hadn't actually thought about this specific point until you made it.
I mean, I get that men having greater muscle density results in them being more physically capable across the board. So same conclusion.
But that is really it. A woman who is a genetic freak might be able to train some specific skill to the point she's actually a notable elite at that skill. Kicking, throwing, running agility routes, SOMETHING.
But her overall utility to a team is based on a whole package of skills, and if she minmaxes so she's competent at one, she'll end up radically deficient in the others, so she'd almost by definition be a liability.
This is even demonstrated in the relatively simplified sport of gymnastics. Females compete in four different categories, men in six.
https://gamerules.com/mens-vs-womens-gymnastics/
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Yeah, it’s always reminded me of (the inverse of) Lewontin’s Fallacy.
Among a pool of athletic women, a given woman might only be somewhat slower and slower-reacting than a given athletic man in those two individual dimensions—and almost certainly much smaller, weaker in the dimensions of size and strength (among others)—thus, as a result, the median athletic woman in terms of overall athleticness is a universe away from the median athletic man when evaluated via the first principal component.
That's also true for psychometric traits and gender expression as well. Women and men overlap massively in each psychometric trait or each way they express gender, but if you look at them all at once in a higher dimensional space the gulf between them is massive and binary. It's why all these claims that gender is really a spectrum fall flat on me. It's easy to tell these 'non-binary' people are really binary if you look at all their behaviors at once.
As someone with the letter X on their driver's license, I find this a little funny. Let's assume you're correct, and I fall smack dab in the middle of the side of a high dimensional bimodal distribution with other AMABs.
It still comes off as weird and subversive that I eat estrogen pills for breakfast no? The doctor is still going to be confused if I tell him I'm a man and hand him my hormone test results. TSA still stops Trans girls for having a dick in their pants.
If some of the dimensions of your gender expression are off the charts outliers, I think it still makes sense to make room for the term 'non-binary' in relevant contexts, if not as a personal identifier.
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