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I doubt there's going to be much of a legal battle. Laurence Tribe believes it's the law of the land, but Laurence Tribe believes a lot of stupid things - the more likely outcome is that the first plaintiffs who try to enforce it inevitably get slapped down by the courts, and this fades away to nothing.
Maybe we'll get a quick case clarifying the legal question of whether states can legally revoke ratification, and whether Congress is legally allowed to impose ratification deadlines. I think it would be sensible for the Supreme Court to rule that states can revoke ratification before an amendment has been passed (but not after), and that Congress can impose deadlines for ratification.
But it's kind of a pointless battle anyways, isn't it? Under current case law the 14th and 19th amendment already do most of what the ERA would do, and despite people like Hananiah pushing for it, I seriously doubt the majority of Federal statutes that prevent discrimination against women are going anywhere. And even if they did disappear, 23 states already have state constitutional provisions protecting the equality of men and women under law.
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Technically the Archivist of the United States has the final, non-reviewable, say on validity of amendments, and she came forward last December and said it wasn't valid.
https://www.archives.gov/press/press-releases/2025/nr25-004
This is more an attempt to acclimate the public to a future Archivist declaring it valid. It's interesting because the Archivist traditionally avoids doing anything controversial. There would be a whole lot of legitimacy questions if it happened.
It's the courts that have the final say, and the courts have said it's not valid without further Congressional action, which is why the Archivist said she can't legally publish the amendment. I imagine that if she tried publishing it herself, the ensuing litigation would just end in the courts referring to their prior decisions and striking down her action.
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Certainly not; if the Supreme Court says one thing and the Archivist says another, the Supreme Court is going to get its way.
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I agree that this is the most likely first-order outcome. It is also true that you miss a hundred percent of the shots you don't take. What's the cost of ammunition?
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