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Culture War Roundup for the week of July 31, 2023

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So, if I'm understanding this view correctly

  1. There exists a changeless thing. We call that thing "God".
  2. There exists some other thing which is not "God". We call that thing "the universe".
  3. The existence of "the universe" was caused by the existence of "God", but that causal graph is one-way in that "the universe" has no effects on "God".
  4. This "God" is not necessarily the same "God" that people refer to when they say things like "God is my shepherd, I shall not want, etc etc" or "Jesus is the son of God".

So, coming from a viewpoint of "for a statement to be meaningful, nontrivial, and correct, its negation must be meaningful and incorrect":

  • My guess on what is meant by "God exists out of time" as opposed to "God exists within time" is "there are no things which have a causal effect on God". So far so good.
  • I have no idea what the difference between "God knows all its actions" and "God does not know its actions" are. What does it actually mean for an unchanging system to "know" a thing? Why would we expect that the particular unchanging system that caused the universe we live in to exist has this property?

Also, is there any particular reason that we would expect that the universe we live in is one that is causally downstream of an instance of this specific type of god?

I'm going to start referring to the philosopher's God as pGod, to disambiguate and maybe help distinguish the idea in your mind from any religious upbringing you might have had.

I have no idea what the difference between "God knows all its actions" and "God does not know its actions" are. What does it actually mean for an unchanging system to "know" a thing?

I think it can only be discussed analogously, and determined negatively. Meaning, we can be certain of what pGod isn't, and use all those "isn'ts" to develop an "is." It is so far outside our realm of experience as temporal, complex creatures.

When we know something, we are grasping its form and holding the form somewhere inside our self. As the originator and grounds of all forms, pGod grasps these forms in their most perfect way. That is what is meant by pGod knowing everything.

Also, is there any particular reason that we would expect that the universe we live in is one that is causally downstream of an instance of this specific type of god?

What specific type of god? pGod, the First Cause God? The arguments from casualty, rationality, motion, essence, etc all point to the same type of pGod. They are all arguments for the same God that Is, Existence itself, formulated differently to avoid different objections as they arise, to try to express the idea more clearly.

Or do you mean the omniscient, omnipotent, divinely simple God? The same arguments that make the case for pGod are then continued to require such things. As you can see above, the omniscience follows from the nature of the pGod as the ground of all things, that which is "proved" (philosophically, proof just means a logically coherent argument given certain starting positions) in the argument for pGod.