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I disagree with both of these positions you've taken for separate reasons but also think they're difficult to reconcile with each other. The teleporter portion is an old debate that I'm on the other side of. But the slowly change myself into a spider part seems to undermine all the even decent arguments for the teleporter hypothesis. If you're your pattern then fundamentally altering your pattern in this was is simply death. You'd need something tortured even for dualists to salvage it.
You aren't your pattern per se. "You" are the facets of reality that you care about. For most agents those parts include the continuation of their agency in some form. But they can also include anything else. The drug Salvia Divinorum for example, makes it possible to perceive yourself as the exact pattern of your visual cortex, causing you to stay perfectly still to avoid killing yourself by changing your field of view. Or it can make you perceive yourself as being the entire room, and so on.
To put it another way, the self is an illusion, (not qualia. Those aren't an illusion but are not "you" unless they matter to you.) but the ship of Theseus will continue to possess the parts that the ongoing process that descends from you refuses to swap out. That thing, the fact of egos causing certain properties to persist, is also not an illusion.
This is close to a pragmatic tautology. There isn't some additional self that can be lost when you remove parts you don't want in my worldview. There are things that can and will be lost, don't get me wrong, you don't care though, because they aren't what you care about. The self is the parts you want. Asking "what if removing the parts of myself that I don't want makes me not 'me'?" is like asking- "what if changing this list sorting function to a different list sorting function makes it not a list sorting function?" It's nonsense. The thing that makes it a list sorting function is that it is a list sorting function. The thing that makes you, you, is that you continue to have the properties that you declare by fiat are you and must be kept.
You, are not a single shape. You, are a self-defined category of shapes.
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