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Notes -
Pain doesn't have to be physical. Psychological pain is a thing and it is just as real a sensation as physical pain. See e.g. phantom pain which is pain experienced by an individual in a limb that has long since been amputated. Phantom pain is a very real thing we've known about for centuries so it's not some new fad or whatever.
What happens when a limb is cut off? Necessarily, the nerves that come from the central nervous system have to be cut somewhere as well. So now you have some unnatural nerve ends dangling around in your stump, which may still attempt to send signals to the brain. And since these signals are fundamentally nonsensical, they can be interpreted as almost anything - and in doubt, the brain often interprets unusual signals as simple pain.
Worse yet, even if a theoretically perfect surgeon does such a great job that these nerve ends do not send any signals whatsoever, our brain is actually wired to expect them. So now it's trying to interpret the lack of signals, which, in doubt, ....
I'm actually not against your main point - I think that modern life often does not fulfill our natural urges and fails to offer adequate alternatives, and that this can lead to depression, chronic pain and similar issues. But IMO phantom pain is quite physical in nature.
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