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If were trying to be empirical, shoudnt we actually take this as an opportunity to engage in philosophical reflection on what empirical facts really are, and reinterpret scientific findings into a different metaphysics based on that? IDK, but I guess thats what were doing. Topical.
The other way round: we say that dogs have four legs because the three-legged ones are defective. Generally in biology, you can tell that something is defective even if youve never seen the functional version. For example, if I got some species of mammal that youve never seen before, and I cut half its tail off, youll be able to see scar tissue and irregularly ending bones, blood vessels, nerves, etc. and know that its a defective tail. Congenitals defects similarly leave "scars" (sometimes literally if things grow in a very unfortunate way). You can immediately tell the difference between a pygmy and a dwarf for example. One is small, and the other defectively small, even though theyre the same height.
Turners syndrom patients dont produce gametes, but they have defective ovaries. They do not have defective male features.
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