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Small-Scale Question Sunday for November 10, 2024

Do you have a dumb question that you're kind of embarrassed to ask in the main thread? Is there something you're just not sure about?

This is your opportunity to ask questions. No question too simple or too silly.

Culture war topics are accepted, and proposals for a better intro post are appreciated.

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Are you talking about analysis of historical accounts? Because this is the bread and butter of history as a social science. This is a very big subject but I can give you a simple outline. This is the kind of stuff that would be covered in a classic "History of the Roman Republic" first-year university class. You get assigned a reading and in the tutorial sections you would ask questions like:

  • What is the author's purpose?
  • What "side" is the author on?
  • What is the social background of the author?
  • When did the author write this?
  • What might cause him to portray events this way?
  • Was he present at these events, or is he hearing this second-hand? If so, who were his sources?
  • Is there any information he might be leaving out?
  • Are there things which seem exaggerated, or maybe false?
  • How would the author have known about this specific detail?
  • Does this text match what we know from archaeological evidence?
  • Does this text agree with other things written about this event? If not, why might that be?
  • Do you think this text would be flattering to the author's patron?
  • Does the author seem to care strictly about accuracy, or are there other elements he prioritizes?

etc. etc. Basic textual analysis. Use what you know about the period and the situation and the author to expand upon what is written and try to think about all the different influences that might have transformed the narrative from what happened in reality to how it reads on the page.

If you want to read history books that go into this kind of stuff, the ideal subjects are periods where there are limited historical sources: I used classical Rome as an example and it's a great one. Historians in these books will often tell you very directly how they are analyzing accounts and what inferences they are making from them and the other historical evidence available to them.

Thank you for making this post so I didn't have to. I would add that there is a great deal of historical phenomina that we only know anything about due to polemics written against them, decrying their evil and error. Early Christian "heresies" being a good example.

A bunch of these heresies hung on for long enough that we have, if not an objective view, a wide enough variety of biased views to cancel each other out.