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Notes -
Magnus Carlsen was a prodigy in almost every regard, not just a chess prodigy. His spatial recognition and fluid memory abilities were very advanced at a young age, suggesting a very high full-scale-IQ, not just being specialized at chess.
From wiki:
Kasparov's IQ is widely cited as 135, which is good, but not that impressive. I would bet it's a lot lower than that of Magnus Carlsen.
They faced different competitors. Given how optimized chess has become, Magnus Carlsen faced harder opponents and a much deeper talent pool. In 2004, when he lost to Kasparov, Magnus was just 13. It would be another decade until he would become the world chess campion and hit the peak of his abilities. A more apt comparison would be adult Magnus vs Kasparov.
Carlsen has also benefited from the advances in theory and training methods that have occurred over the last few decades. If Kasparov were playing today and were able to take advantage of these resources he'd most likely be even better than he was at his peak.
That's pretty open debate among chess players with plenty of people taking either side. Neither is generally accepted by a majority of players to be more talented than the other.
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