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I don't think this is a major factor in humans. In fact there's plenty of reason to think the opposite might be the case, since different populations have evolved different complex sets of alleles to solve particular problems and a child with some of each is liable to end up without either being functional. A well-aligned mind is a difficult thing to code for.
But, there's also some reason to think it's true. Emil talks about that a little bit here.
https://emilkirkegaard.dk/en/2017/04/is-mixed-race-breeding-bad-for-you/
IIRC he thinks that certain recessive alleles may be hurting cognition, and 'outbreeding' would help with that. But as I understand the situation, even where that's the case, it's still most advantageous to mate with someone as genetically close to you as possible given that they don't share your deleterious recessives.
I don't think hybrid vigor would be a factor in every case, but alleles that manage to reach fixation in a particular population group likely make some sort of balanced tradeoff-- not optimizing for any one thing too hard because doing so would confer metabolic costs while producing no competitive advantages (against a population with the same genes.) So if racial IQ science is real* I'd suspect that in the right-tail of IQ distribution we'd see people with heterozygous alleles that were "intended" to perform some balanced function in isolated groups, but combined by crossbreeding lose any limiting factors and produce people exceptional in some way or another.
*To avoid concern trolling, I should be clear here that I do not have any particular faith in the existing racial IQ science. I can't rule out in principle that racial differences between IQ groups exist, but there are too many confounding factors, and in particular people who talk about race-based IQ support their claims with evidence that matches the pop-sci view of what "evolution" looks like, rather than what any plant or animal breeder would say actually happens in practice with genetics.
I mean, the hybrid vigor hypothesis for IQ specifically seems pre-falsified- most of history's greatest geniuses were purebred members of endogamous groups(many specifically Ashkenazi, but the Indian math geniuses as well. And I'd be remiss not to mention that the Meiji restoration was possible because hyper-isolationist Japan had an existing well of underutilized geniuses.). Additionally the heavily mixed populations of Latin America seem underrepresented in scientific and technical achievements compared to the members of high-IQ groups in those countries.
I'd be interested in watching what happens with hapas over the next few decades, but I don't think hybrid vigor is part of the winning formula. I'm not writing off the idea entirely that the key to producing super geniuses is with Ashkenazi/Tamil Brahmin hybrids. I'm just skeptical.
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