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Germans care particularly about maintaining the integrity of NATO and the European Union. Trump, if not explicitly anti-NATO, at least wants its members to “pay their fair share” regarding military expenditures. And Trump appears more conciliatory towards Russia, which still poses an economic/geopolitical threat in the minds of many pro-EU Europeans. Harris, on the other hand, represents more of the same for Germans: an easier, more prosperous life nestled under the pax-Americana security blanket, where Americans pay for your defense and guarantee your freedom so you can use more of your money on butter, not guns.
Why wouldn’t a German vote for Harris over Trump, given that choice??
The EU I believe, but NATO...I think the story is more complicated. Germany has just now gotten around to maybe meeting its 2% spending commitment, and (it seems to me) played both sides by buying Russian gas and "buying Ukraine time" in negotiations with Russia until the US forced it to jump onboard the NATO bandwagon after Russia went into Ukraine. Even now I think that Germany is acutely aware that they're going to have to live with Russia permanently and are hedging their bets.
I agree that Germany sees NATO membership as in its interests, but in a paradoxical sort of way I think that "easier, more prosperous life nestled under the pax-Americana security blanket" undermines NATO by creating the free-rider problem (or, more charitably, perception) that allows Trump to, well, argue is a bad deal. On the other hand, if Germany and the other NATO states had actually spent their 2% GDP as recommended since the fall of the Cold War, it seems less likely that they would need American backup: the EU has a larger population and is wealthier than Russia.
But complicating the paradox, a militarily-independent EU is not what is in American interests (we fought a couple wars over there before putting the boot on the German neck and we haven't removed it since). Everything that's happened recently (coincidentally or not!) has been pushing Germany back towards the Pax Americana safety blanket you describe: Nord Stream exploding, yes, but also the US leaning hard on Germany to deplete its own defense stocks while its economy wobbles. Now with the new understanding that, win or lose in Ukraine, the future of Europe is going to involve a very angry Russia with a larger, more experienced military, and with many of Europe's nations having given away significant amounts of their already-too-paltry defense stocks to Russia...well, who are they going to turn to for security and supplies? That's right, the US Army and Lockheed Martin.
At the end of the day, Russia is largely a threat to the United States via its nuclear arsenal. There are only two powers on Earth that can threaten American maritime dominance, and one of them is China. The other is a united Europe, and America has done a good job of preventing that. And Germany, precisely because of their lack of commitment to NATO, has made NATO all the more crucial.
But, in my opinion, if Germany was really committed to NATO in an...honorable sense, I suppose, they would have met their defense spending benchmarks, maintained their military (which is supposed to be in a sad state) and avoided giving the only real NATO adversary economic leverage.
Buck-passing is dangerous because, in the moment, you actually think you're being clever. You're saving money, you're avoiding a needless arms race.
America can't really take too much credit for the consequences (beyond maybe making it clear the left wing of the establishment wouldn't cooperate with Trump on NATO).
EDIT: Pre-war anyway. Nordstream, whatever happened there...
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I started writing a similar comment but i think you said it better.
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