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Why in the world would you think that?
Most likely because prominent Israelis and Jewish intellectuals keep saying so when discussing Israeli nuclear strategy.
I just read that whole article, nowhere does it say that israel has nuclear weapons targeted at its allies' cities.
No, it just has a couple people arguing that it would be a good idea and that they should totally do it. Maybe they reflect the views of the Israeli leadership, maybe they don't. It's only a couple years since we've gotten around to admitting that Israel even has nukes, and I certainly would not expect them to announce that they target "allied" capitols as a matter of policy when they won't admit the weapons even exist.
Maybe these two are entirely unrepresentative. Seems pretty on-brand for the Israelis to me, but your mileage may vary.
Perlmutter isn't even Israeli. Creveld is, but as far as I can tell hasn't been in government, even in an advisory capacity. He's just some guy.
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Like I said, I read the whole wikipedia page. I understand that as saying "we'll retaliate against anyone who attacks us, even european countries", not "we'll retaliate by nuking even the people who supported us." How would the latter make sense at all? What could there possibly be to gain by nuking your own allies?
Bolded for emphasis. He very clearly is not talking about people who are directly attacking Israel, but about a deliberate attack on people who see themselves as uninvolved third parties.
Likewise here. Your understanding is that the author was describing a scenario in which the Vatican has invaded Israel?
If they've allowed your country to be murdered, they weren't much of an ally, were they?
The problem for me is the source, this is just some fat Dutch born Israeli historian saying whatever comes to mind. His family were "staunch Zionists" that narrowly avoided the holocaust. This is just his personal has revenge fantasy about Europe and WWII. He doesn't have some kind of special access or insight into what Israel Nuclear stratagems are in place.
You can always find one nut on any side saying crazy shit.
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I think that is a wildly weird and optimistic (for lack of a better word) piece of pro-Israeli propaganda there. I suppose if you're a mid tier Israeli professor or author who is trying to make a splash and maybe strike a little fear into the hearts of your enemies; it doesn't hurt from a game theory perspective to claim you have all of this capability to lash out wildly. But Israel is tiny and would be completely destroyed by any retaliation whatsoever nuclear or not, so hardly an actual plan for them to ever use...
Israeli is also a small area to cover with countermeasures that could take out missiles in boost phase. They do have subs, but they aren't exactly stealth tech nuclear boomers deep in the Indian ocean...just a dozen diesel electrics only one of which is really a modern missile sub.
What's your estimate of the Israeli nuclear arsenal? I can't see a reason they wouldn't build as many as possible. Ditto for the subs they bought; why presume they aren't all nuclear-armed? Presumably they have torpedo tubes? cruise missiles capable of carrying nuclear warheads can be launched from torpedo tubes, can't they?
Why would the Israelis not have a plan to use nukes? What's the point of having them if they aren't interested in using them?
I'd agree it's almost certainly propaganda, and of questionable connection to the Israelis actually in charge. No one who matters is terribly interested in clearing up the ambiguities, so it's hard to know.
Most countries aren't interested in actually using nukes. As evidenced by the past 80 years. They are a deterrent, a weapon of last resort. Israel has nothing to gain by pointing them at Paris or DC or Rome, a wildly speculative statement or 2 by people I've never heard of is hardly proof they are targeting Europe or the USA. They probably do have them pointed at Iran et al.
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