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A motte is a stone keep on a raised earthwork common in early medieval fortifications. More pertinently, it's an element in a rhetorical move called a "Motte-and-Bailey", originally identified by philosopher Nicholas Shackel. It describes the tendency in discourse for people to move from a controversial but high value claim to a defensible but less exciting one upon any resistance to the former. He likens this to the medieval fortification, where a desirable land (the bailey) is abandoned when in danger for the more easily defended motte. In Shackel's words, "The Motte represents the defensible but undesired propositions to which one retreats when hard pressed." On The Motte, always attempt to remain inside your defensible territory, even if you are not being pressed.
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Not to mention the added difficulty in communicating - being unable to see facial expressions or read lips makes for frustrating social interaction. Do East Asian languages have some feature that makes this less of a problem?
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Not to mention the added difficulty in communicating - being unable to see facial expressions or read lips makes for frustrating social interaction. Do East Asian languages have some feature that makes this less of a problem?
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