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The economy. Babies grow up to be working age adults who get jobs, pay taxes, and contribute for decades which pays out the pensions/social welfare entitlements for the current aging population. If you have a bulge where the current population is getting older but there are fewer young people coming up, then your economy is in trouble.
If robots can earn money or produce revenue to support the welfare state, then that's the way to go. Otherwise it really is a crisis about "I never had kids and now mysteriously there are no working age adults around".
People really did believe, around the time of The Population Bomb, that there were way too many people on the Earth and unless populations decreased there would be drastic and terrible natural disasters. Overpopulation was a genuine worry. That's why China, for instance, started with the One Child Policy. Things like the expansion of Cairo, which had and has a population zooming up, creating a sprawling, expanding city that is more like a collection of slums, was a visible proof of the problem (or so it seemed) - not enough resources, too many bodies, too much demand on the scarce resources:
There are also the problems with pollution - air, water and land, as well as lead and copper smelting.
A lot of people thought Cairo and similar cities were the future, if population growth remained unchecked.
What nobody seems to have considered is that Western nations crashing their fertility rates from a combination of "overpopulation is the coming threat" and "I don't want to be tied down with kids, now that I'm young, in a good economy which gives me plenty of disposable income, and the sexual revolution and social liberalisation means I can have an entire smorgasbord of choices that my parents' generation never had about self-indulgence" would be a bad thing. We're still grappling with "the poor countries have way too many people which they can't support", but the fertility decline in the West isn't doing anything to help that and now we are facing the results of "who will pay the piper?" because if there aren't enough workers coming up, the benefits which the retirees expect won't be there.
And the future problem seems to be not alone the lack of recognition that "the people are the wealth of the nation" but that only a shrinking number of those workers will be considered economically contributing and valuable. Well-paying jobs that provide growing tax revenues are increasingly shifted to the white collar world, and to a particular sub-set of that - IT or finance. And with AI looming on the horizon, the lower levels of those niches will be chipped away.
Not everybody can learn to code and even if they do, there's the spectre of "the machine will do it better, faster and cheaper". I imagine that's why a lot of people and institutions are pinning their hopes on Fairy Godmother AI which will magically ensure an economy of plenty, like the cornucopia, where all we desire can be drawn out limitlessly, there will be trillions and zillions of money, and we'll dodge the bullet of an aging population and an increasingly unequal society.
Sounds like you need to change up your economy then.
What did the horse breeders do when Americans started driving cars? Carmakers can keep shifting their production to SUV and more accessible vehicles, and then eventually come back full circle and start making horse buggies again.
If Star Wars fans are not getting made anymore, perhaps media companies can shift to making Christian movies.
Or maybe we can scale down the welfare state? Make these retirement payments conditional to having had dependents (what you've provided on your tax returns...)?
If everyone is buying horseless carriages, yes you can shift from making buggies to making these new vehicles and creating a whole new economy around them.
But if nobody is buying buggies, because there's nobody there to buy anything, you won't improve your finances by switching to making cars or planes or rocket ships.
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