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Culture War Roundup for the week of May 15, 2023

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This is a polite way of saying that black people in America are significantly more predisposed to violence

This is a reframing of the original point in an uncharitable, unflattering way that makes thinking less clear and reduces understanding of the topic. Every single one of your objections was created by your poor understanding and misinterpretation of the point being made.

that doesn't explain why black communities pre-Civil rights were less violent

And it doesn't have to - when you remember that the actual statement is "propensity for criminal violence is heritable", then this problem disappears. At some point between then and now, something in the population and culture shifted in such a way as to reproductively reward genes which give a propensity for criminal violence.

why certain countries in Africa (e.g., Ghana) are significantly less violent

Africa has a huge variety of differing tribes, clans, people and ethnicities. Different populations and groups have differing selections of traits, and the genes which contribute to that violent criminal propensity are not evenly distributed between them. The Igbo people, for instance, are outliers on a number of traits as well - and this only becomes a problem with your uncharitable phrasing, not the original idea.

why "low-IQ countries" like Bosnia and Herzegovina have low homicide rates

This has nothing to do with the statement in question. The most straightforward response is that those countries simply do not have as many of those criminality-propensity-increasing genes - a low IQ is associated with criminality, but that's not what we're discussing here (and I think those two countries specifically have some interesting recent history which could definitely impact levels of violent tendencies in the remaining male population).

why US whites were more violent a hundred years ago

Genes which promoted a propensity for criminal violence were selected against among US white populations and so the level of expression of that gene was lowered as a result. Explained perfectly by the original claim, but not your rephrasing.

Black communities in Europe also have lower violent crime rates.

Black communities in Europe were selected in very different ways and from different populations (the Igbo are relevant again here) - the original statement provides explanatory value, your rephrasing obscures meaning and makes understanding harder.

I think there's a significant cultural component here.

Of course. That doesn't mean the genetic component doesn't exist.