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Notes -
In this scenario, it's Twitter which is enforcing the rules arbitrarily. Twitter will remove posts when the government says "this violates your terms of service", but only if in addition to being a government request, it fits Twitter's ideology. (Yet without the government request, Twitter wouldn't remove the posts.)
Is this wrong?
Wasn't the assumption that the government is in cahoots with Twitter, and that they were taking advantage of the vague rules as a cover for viewpoint discrimination? If the decision to discriminate based on viewpoint is wholly that of Twitter, there probably is not a constitutional issue.
Why don't we deal with a more realistic example: Twitter prohibits tweets "praising, celebrating, or condoning" violence, including but not limited to "violent acts committed by civilians that resulted in death or serious physical injury, e.g., murders, mass shootings; attacks carried out by terrorist organizations or violent extremist groups (as defined by our terrorism and violent extremism policy); and violent events that targeted protected groups, e.g., the Holocaust, Rwandan genocide." Such tweets are, however, protected speech under the First Amendment, and the government cannot ban or punish such statements. Can they, however, notify Twitter when they find such a tweet? My understanding of current law is that merely doing that would not convert Twitter's subsequent removal of said tweets into state action within the ambit of the First Amendment. Note that I said that that is MY UNDERSTANDING OF CURRENT LAW, not MY PERSONAL POLICY PREFERENCE. Because my personal policy preference is the opposite, as I have stated.
Now, it is possible that there is case law that says that the govt cannot alert a private party when it knows that the private party will then act in a manner that would violate the Constitution were the govt to do the same thing, perhaps dating to the civil rights era, or perhaps in the context of the Fourth Amendment. But I don't know of any.
That is definitely not enough to convert Twitter's action into state action; the Supreme Court has held that "a State normally can be held responsible for a private decision only when it has exercised coercive power or has provided such significant encouragement, either overt or covert, that the choice must in law be deemed to be that of the State." Blum v. Yaretsky, 457 U.S. 991, 1004 (1982)
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