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Notes -
It does seem like a popular fringe belief in my memory, at least, though I don't remember it getting much traction for most of the presidents (Bush I, Clinton, Obama, Trump) I'm old enough to remember. Bush II was the only one for whom things like "he's just Karl Rove's and/or Dick Cheney's puppet" actually seemed widely believed.
I'm not sure how believable these things should be, just because the prior based on history examined in hindsight is so tiny. The only example I can think of where this category of conspiracy theory might have been true is that some historians think Edith Wilson might have been de facto president after Woodrow's stroke, at least during his worst periods. Centuries of presidents and just one positive example? Even among the people who think Reagan's descent towards Alzheimer's was beginning before his presidency ended, they don't seem to think his wife or advisors were making decisions for him.
I'm old enough (if only just) to have clear memories of Reagan as President and even a snot-nosed 10-year-old like me could tell that he was fading during his last year in office. That said I get the impression that pretty much everyone in his administration was on the same program so to speak and that to the degree that folks were exceeding their authority it often was more to "cover for the old man" than to promote their own agendas (lots of talk about what the president had actually known about and signed off on during the contra hearings). In contrast I don't think there was any genuine doubt about whether Bush I and the Clinton's were setting their own agenda (yes there was a lot of talk about Hillary wearing the pants in the relationship, but that, but that strikes me as a bit different). There was a lot of talk early on about Bush II being the brain-dead thrall of his father's old associate (Dick Cheney) but that my recollection is that line of argument didn't survive his first term.
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