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Culture War Roundup for the week of August 5, 2024

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That depends very heavily on the law not getting passed before January 20th, 2025:

This Act, and the amendments made by this Act, shall apply beginning on the date on which the first full term of a President commences pursuant to section 101 of title 3, United States Code, after the date of enactment of this Act.

Or, if passed in the new session, not being modified.

True, but there's a Republican house right now, and if the Democrats win the house my understanding is that the new congress doesn't sit until Jan 13th, and it would be pretty remarkable to pass a bill like this a week into a new congress.

It'd be a remarkable bill to pass in any circumstance. I don't see a rule against it, even for the light value of rules that could be nuked a la filibuster.